Three in 10 U.S. Workers Foresee Working Past Retirement Age

PRINCETON, N.J. -- Thirty-one percent of nonretired U.S. adults predict they will retire after age 67, the current minimum age for receiving full Social Security retirement benefits. Another 38% expect to retire between the ages of 62 and 67, spanning the existing Social Security age thresholds for benefits eligibility, while 23% expect to stop working before they turn 62 -- that is, before becoming eligible for any Social Security retirement benefits.

	U.S. nonretirees%
Will retire before age 62	23
Will retire between ages 62 and 67	38
Will retire at age 68 or older	31
Unsure	8
Gallup, April 6-10, 2016

These findings are from Gallup's 2016 Economy and Personal Finance Poll, conducted April 6-10. The average age at which U.S. workers predict they will retire is 66, consistent with the 65 to 67 age range found since the 2007-2009 recession ended. The expected retirement age is up slightly from about 64 years of age spanning 2004 to 2008, and is up from 60 in 1995.

Lower-income workers plan to retire a bit later, on average, than those earning $75,000 or more annually. Young adults, those aged 18 to 29, plan to retire earlier than middle-aged and older adults, likely reflecting youthful optimism about their future income and savings.

	U.S. nonretireesaverage age
Income
Less than $30,000	70
$30,000 to less than $75,000	69
$75,000 or more	67
Age
18 to 29	64
30 to 49	70
50 to 64	69
65+	*
* Sample size for 65+ nonretirees is insufficient for reporting
Gallup, April 6-10, 2016

Four in 10 Current Retirees Retired Before 62

In contrast with current workers' expectations about retirement, retired Americans report they stopped working at an average 61 years of age, significantly lower than the average 66 years at which today's nonretired Americans intend to stop working. More specifically, 42% of retirees say they stopped working before age 62, while just 13% continued working until they were 67 or older. Of course, current retirees span an age range of more than 40 years, meaning that some retired decades ago, while others may have retired the day before they were interviewed, and their age at retirement no doubt reflects societal and economic patterns in force at that time.

This doesn't tell the entire generational story, as approximately one in seven seniors (defined for this analysis as those aged 67 and older) are still in the workforce -- working full time, working part time or unemployed. When these are factored into the equation, 26% of adults 67 and older are either still in the workforce (14%) or worked until they were 67 or older before retiring (12%). That is a bit less than the 31% of today's nonretirees who intend to work past 67. However, the greater discrepancy is in the percentage retiring before age 62: 36% of today's seniors say they did this, while just 23% of current workers intend to.

	Retirees%
Retired before age 62	36
Retired at age 62 to 66	36
Retired at age 67 or older	12
Not yet retired (working or unemployed)	14
No opinion	3
Gallup, April 6-10, 2016

Bottom Line

Myriad factors go into determining the best time to retire, not all of which are within workers' control. Financial troubles, poor health, family needs or being let go at work can all disrupt the best-laid plans. At the same time, for those who depend on it, the Social Security system forces people to gamble on their life expectancy in deciding whether to retire early with partial benefits or later with full benefits.

Although many of these factors are constant, some have changed in recent decades. As a result, the age at which today's workers expect to retire is significantly older, on average, than the age current retirees say they already did retire: 66 vs. 61, respectively. Some of that difference undoubtedly reflects the gradual increase, which Congress mandated in 1983, in the Social Security system's age threshold for receiving full benefits -- from 65 to 67. However, that does not explain the higher percentage of nonretirees who plan to work beyond age 67 compared with current retirees who report having worked this long -- 31% vs. 26%, respectively.

One factor causing today's workers to think about delaying retirement could be their recognition that working may be healthier than staying home. A recent Wells Fargo/Gallup Investor and Retirement Optimism Index survey found 67% of nonretired investors -- those with $10,000 or more in investments -- agreeing that they want to work as long as possible, given the benefits to their physical and mental health. At the same time, unexpected health problems could explain why some current retirees retired early.

In reality, however, many working Americans simply can't afford to retire. Fewer workers today than in the past say a pension will be a major income source in retirement, and many have been unable to save sufficiently during the economic slowdown of the past decade. Seven in 10 employed adults told Gallup in April that they are worried about not having enough savings for retirement. As a result, they now need to work as long as possible to build up their retirement nest eggs.

At the moment, most workers are forgoing any thought of retiring before 62, the minimum age to receive partial Social Security retirement benefits, while nearly a third are planning to hold off until after age 67. These figures already represent a departure from how today's seniors have handled retirement, and could easily change further if the economy or the Social Security Administration throws workers any more curve balls.

Historical data are available in Gallup Analytics.

Survey Methods

Results for this Gallup poll are based on telephone interviews conducted April 6-10, 2016, with a random sample of 1,015 adults, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. For results based on the total sample of national adults, the margin of sampling error is ±4 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. For results based on the sample of 678 nonretirees, the margin of sampling error is ±5 percentage points. For results based on the sample of 525 adults employed full or part time, the margin of sampling error is ±5 percentage points. For results based on the sample of 337 retirees, the margin of sampling error is ±7 percentage points. All reported margins of sampling error include computed design effects for weighting.

Each sample of national adults includes a minimum quota of 60% cellphone respondents and 40% landline respondents, with additional minimum quotas by time zone within region. Landline and cellular telephone numbers are selected using random-digit-dial methods.

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