U.S. Marijuana Smoking at Record High, Cigarettes at Low

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Seventeen percent of Americans say they smoke marijuana, tying Gallup’s record high, while cigarette smoking matches its record low of 11%. Vaping is steady at 9%, and 4% of U.S. adults say they use nicotine pouches.

When it comes to nonalcoholic beverages, coffee is the most popular of the five tested. About half of U.S. adults (49%) drink coffee every day, while 21% drink tea and 20% drink caffeinated soda daily. Fewer consume energy drinks (9%) or caffeine-free soda (6%).

In describing their diets, only 5% say they are vegetarian and 2% vegan.

These findings are from the July 1-19 update of Gallup’s annual Consumption Habits poll, which also finds that 54% of U.S. adults say they drink alcoholic beverages.

Marijuana Smoking, Edible Use Remain Relatively High

The 17% of U.S. adults who report smoking marijuana is more than double the 7% in 2013, when Gallup first measured the behavior using this question. The latest reading ties the record high from 2023.

Separately, 15% of U.S. adults now say they consume marijuana edibles. The two previous readings on this question were 14% in 2022 and 12% in 2024.

Marijuana Use More Common Among Younger, Less Educated Adults

Adults under 50 are the most likely age group to report smoking marijuana, including 23% of those aged 18 to 29 and 25% of those aged 30 to 49. The rate drops sharply among older Americans, to 10% of those aged 50 to 64 and 5% of those aged 65 and older. Edible use follows the same age pattern, though it is somewhat less pronounced.

In addition, marijuana consumption — both smoking and edible use — is higher among those who are less educated, are less religious and who also report drinking alcohol.

Marijuana smokers have lower household incomes than those who do not smoke, a gap not seen among those who consume edibles. Women, meanwhile, are slightly more likely than men to consume edibles, a pattern not seen among marijuana smokers.

Americans are about evenly split on marijuana's effect on most users, with 47% saying it has a very (9%) or somewhat (38%) positive effect, and 46% saying it has a very (16%) or somewhat (30%) negative effect. U.S. adults were also split in the two previous readings, with a slight positive lean (53%) in 2022 and a slight negative lean (51%) in 2024.

Reports of Cigarette Smoking and Vaping Steady

For the past five years, between 11% and 12% of U.S. adults have reported smoking cigarettes, including the current 11%. When Gallup first asked the question in 1944, 41% of U.S. adults said they smoked cigarettes. That figure rose to a high of 45% in 1954 before beginning its long-term decline, dropping below 30% in 1989 and consistently below 20% since 2015.

E-cigarette use, or “vaping,” a newer form of nicotine consumption, is also essentially unchanged, with 9% of U.S. adults now saying they vape. Gallup first measured vaping in 2019, and self-reported use has been relatively steady since then, ranging between 6% and 9%.

In Gallup’s first measurement of nicotine pouches, 4% of U.S. adults currently say they have used products such as Zyn in the past week.

Middle-Aged Adults Lead in Smoking; Young Adults Lead in Vaping

Cigarette smoking is most common among adults aged 30 to 49 (16%), followed by those aged 50 to 64 (11%). Vaping is highest among 18- to 29-year-olds (17%) and declines steadily with age, reaching 1% among adults aged 65 and older. Nicotine pouch use also skews younger, with 5% of adults aged 18 to 29 and 7% of those aged 30 to 49 reporting use, compared with 1% of those aged 65 and older.

Cigarette smoking and vaping are both more common among adults with lower household incomes, while nicotine pouch use shows the opposite pattern.

Gender differences are greatest for nicotine pouches, as 7% of men and 1% of women report using them.

Cigarette smoking and vaping also vary by education, with higher use reported among adults without a college degree. The education gap in nicotine pouch use is not statistically significant.

Coffee Is Most Popular Caffeinated Beverage

The July poll also measured how often Americans drink nonalcoholic beverages, including coffee, tea, soda and energy drinks. Coffee is the most commonly consumed beverage, with about half of U.S. adults saying they drink it multiple times a day (16%) or once per day (33%). Tea and caffeinated soda are the next most common, with about two in 10 U.S. adults consuming each at least once per day. Daily consumption of energy drinks (9%) and caffeine-free soda (6%) is less common.

Adults aged 65 and older are more than twice as likely as those under 30 to drink coffee daily (64% vs. 25%, respectively). Daily tea drinking follows a similar pattern, ranging from 26% among the oldest age group to 14% among the youngest.

Energy drinks show the opposite. Adults under 30 (11%) and those aged 30 to 49 (14%) drink them at least daily, compared with 3% among both of the two older age groups. Men (12%) are also more than twice as likely as women (5%) to consume energy drinks at least once a day.

Few Americans Are Vegetarian or Vegan

Rounding out the behaviors tracked in the Consumption Habits poll, Gallup asked Americans whether they identify as vegetarian or vegan. The percentage saying they are vegetarian, currently at 5%, has remained within a narrow 4% to 6% range since Gallup first asked the question in 1999. Vegan identification, first measured in 2012, has stayed between 1% and 3% in every reading since, including the current 2%.

Younger adults are the most likely to identify as vegetarian, at 8%, compared with 3% of those aged 65 and older. Likewise, liberals (10%) are more likely to identify as vegetarian than moderates or conservatives (both at 3%).

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